DBMS > Adabas vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. Riak KV vs. VoltDB
System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. Riak KV vs. VoltDB
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| Name | Adabas  denotes "adaptable data base" Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Realm Xexclude from comparison | Riak KV Xexclude from comparison | VoltDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments used typically together with the Natural programming platform | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data | Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store | Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Multivalue DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | Key-value store with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html | www.postgresql.org | realm.io | www.voltdb.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | realm.io/docs | www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest | docs.voltdb.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Software AG | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019 | OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies | VoltDB Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1971 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2014 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.2, February 2024 | 3.2.0, December 2022 | 11.3, April 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source BSD | Open Source | Open Source Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition | Open Source AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C | Erlang | Java, C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | BS2000 Linux Unix Windows z/OS z/VSE | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Android Backend: server-less iOS Windows | Linux OS X | Linux OS X for development | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | restricted | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | no | yes only a subset of SQL 99 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | HTTP API with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway SOAP-based API with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP API Native Erlang Interface | Java API JDBC RESTful HTTP/JSON API | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Natural | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net Java with Android onlyObjective-C React Native Swift | C unofficial client library C# C++ unofficial client libraryClojure unofficial client libraryDart unofficial client libraryErlang Go unofficial client libraryGroovy unofficial client libraryHaskell unofficial client libraryJava JavaScript unofficial client libraryLisp unofficial client libraryPerl unofficial client libraryPHP Python Ruby Scala unofficial client librarySmalltalk unofficial client library | C# C++ Erlang not officially supportedGo Java JavaScript Node.jsPHP Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | in Natural | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary | Erlang | Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | yes Change Listeners | yes pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | Sharding no "single point of failure" | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes, with add-on product Event Replicator | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | none | selectable replication factor | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | no | no links between data sets can be stored | no FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID | no | ACID Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes Snapshots and command logging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes In-Memory realm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret) | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | yes, using Riak Security | Users and roles with access to stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Adabas denotes "adaptable data base" | PostgreSQL | Realm | Riak KV | VoltDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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