DBMS > Adabas vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.64
Rank	#104	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.87
Rank	#201	Overall
	#94	Relational DBMS

Score	3.02
Rank	#88	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores

Score	7.18
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Website

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

orientdb.org

realm.io

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.nuodb.com

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

realm.io/docs

Developer

Software AG

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

1971

1989

2013

2010

2014

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

Linux
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Natural

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in Natural

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, SQL

Java, Javascript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

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