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DBMS > Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperSoftware AGFoundationDBGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release19712013201520102010
Current release6.2.28, November 2020V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++.NET and CC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted.NEThosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaysupported in specific SQL layer onlynonoyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNatural.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalin SQL-layer onlynoyesTransact SQL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatoryesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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