DBMS > Adabas vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.17
Rank	#94	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.singlestore.com

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.singlestore.com

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Software AG

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Microsoft

SingleStore Inc.

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

1971

2008

1989

2013

2016

Current release

7.2.4, September 2012

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.5, January 2024

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Go

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Linux
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

Natural

C
C++
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in Natural

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

hash partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.