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DBMS > 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value storeVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.00
Rank#84  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score1.89
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikiweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
Developer4D, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.Weaviate B.V.
Initial release19841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20132019
Current releasev20, April 202316.2, February 20248.11.4, April 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionPostgreSQLRocksDBWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesRedgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Speedb: A high performance RocksDB-compliant key-value store optimized for write-intensive workloads.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionPostgreSQLRocksDBWeaviate
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