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DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
Developer4D, IncOraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesFacebook, Inc.
Initial release198420111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092013
Current releasev20, April 202323.3, December 202316.3, May 20243.2.0, December 20228.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCErlangC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
Data schemeyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptionalyesnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestrictedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integrationnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACIDnoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infooff heap cachenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionOracle NoSQLPostgreSQLRiak KVRocksDB
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