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DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore vs. TimesTen vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore vs. TimesTen vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used in-process key-value storeMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.singlestore.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.singlestore.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
Developer4D, IncOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSingleStore Inc.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release19841994201319982017
Current releasev20, April 202318.1.40, May 20208.5, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)2.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesYugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++, GoC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesPL/SQLyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyes infoonly for the SQL APInonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infohash partitioningnoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTimesTenYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTimesTenYugabyteDB
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