DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle vs. Tarantool vs. Vertica vs. WakandaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle vs. Tarantool vs. Vertica vs. WakandaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

WakandaDB is embedded in a server that provides a REST API and a server-side javascript engine to access data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	10.68
Rank	#43	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#364	Overall
	#17	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database

www.tarantool.io

www.vertica.com

wakanda.github.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

vertica.com/documentation

wakanda.github.io/doc

Developer

4D, Inc

Oracle

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Wakanda SAS

Initial release

1984

1980

2008

2005

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

23c, September 2023

2.10.0, May 2022

12.0.3, January 2023

2.7.0 (April 29, 2019), April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

AGPLv3, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C++, JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

BSD
Linux
macOS

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Open binary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

yes

Triggers

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

yes, called Custom Alerts

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Licensing and pricing models

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