DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Coherence vs. RRDtool vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Coherence vs. RRDtool vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	1.87
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

4D, Inc

Oracle

Tobias Oetiker

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

1984

1980

2007

1999

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

23c, September 2023

14.1, August 2023

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java VM

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

in-process shared library
Pipes

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Java

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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