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DBMS > 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used in-process key-value storeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score1.88
Rank#130  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score4.09
Rank#72  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
opennms.github.io/­newtswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlpingcap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.nebula-graph.iogithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Developer4D, IncVesoft Inc.OpenNMS GroupOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OraclePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release19842019201419942016
Current releasev20, April 202318.1.40, May 20208.2.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++JavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Go, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesStrong typed schemaschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP REST
Java API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnonono
Triggersyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infobased on Cassandranonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnonoFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphNewtsOracle Berkeley DBTiDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphNewtsOracle Berkeley DBTiDB
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