DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SingleStore vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SingleStore vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database server

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#259	Overall
	#121	Relational DBMS
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

raima.com

www.singlestore.com

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.raima.com

docs.singlestore.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Raima Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

1989

1984

2013

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

15, June 2021

8.5, January 2024

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting/Importing of XML structures possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

based on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specification

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
» more

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more

Competitive advantages

Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
» more

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
» more

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more

Key customers

Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more

Market metrics

Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
» more

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

News

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.