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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score16.03
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.postgresql.orggithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveropensearch.org/­docs/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftAmazon Web ServicesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSTS Soft SC
Initial release1984198920211989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2011
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20222.5.0, January 202316.3, May 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++JavaCC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenSearchPostgreSQLSTSdb
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenSearchPostgreSQLSTSdb
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