DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. STSdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Widely used in-process key-value store

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	72.95
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	1.88
Rank	#130	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#365	Overall
	#54	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2010

1994

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

V12

18.1.40, May 2020

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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