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DBMS > 4D vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score18.08
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
Developer4D, IncDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release19842003201020102009
Current releasev20, April 20231.6.27, May 2024V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyesnoyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusternone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMemcachedMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTinkerGraph
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