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DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#100  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.mcobject.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servertrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servertrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncMcObjectGoogleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842001201119892014
Current releasev20, April 20238.2, 20211.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive Replication Fabricâ„¢ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
noneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerTrafodion
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