DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/google/leveldb

memgraph.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

memgraph.com/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Memgraph Ltd

Vesoft Inc.

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

1984

2011

2017

2019

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users, roles and permissions

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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