DBMS > 4D vs. KeyDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. KeyDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#226	Overall
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opennms.github.io/newts

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.keydb.dev

docs.nebula-graph.io

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

4D, Inc

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Vesoft Inc.

OpenNMS Group

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2019

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
Java API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Lua

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

simple password-based access control and ACL

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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