DBMS > 4D vs. Kdb vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Coherence vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kdb vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Coherence vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

kx.com

www.oracle.com/database

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

code.kx.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

4D, Inc

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Oracle

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

1984

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1980

2007

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.6, May 2018

23c, September 2023

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Java

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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