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DBMS > 4D vs. Kdb vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kdb vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance Time Series DBMSMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkx.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcode.kx.commariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Microsoft
Initial release19842000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 19951989
Current releasev20, April 20233.6, May 201811.3.2, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageqC and C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (q)yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyes infowith viewsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionKdbMariaDBMicrosoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionKdbMariaDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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