DBMS > 4D vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Widely used RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#379	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.hawkular.org

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Community supported by Red Hat

Oracle

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2014

1980

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

23c, September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP REST

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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