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DBMS > 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infocolumn-oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
github.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.heavy.aidocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQ
Developer4D, IncHEAVY.AI, Inc.Vesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, formerly Sybase
Initial release1984201620191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1994
Current releasev20, April 20235.10, January 202216.2, February 202416.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++ and CUDAC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022NebulaGraphPostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022NebulaGraphPostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ
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