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DBMS > 4D vs. H2GIS vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2GIS vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpatial extension of H2A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2gis.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.postgresql.orgsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homewww.lmdb.tech/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.html
Developer4D, IncCNRSSymasPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation
Initial release1984201320111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2006
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.32, January 202416.3, May 20249.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaCCJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infobased on H2nouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java plugins
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infobased on H2noneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes infobased on H2nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2GISLMDBPostgreSQLSolr
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