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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.orgwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncGoogleOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSingleStore Inc.
Initial release1984201719841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current releasev20, April 20237.4.1.1, 202116.3, May 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedHP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud FirestoreOracle RdbPostgreSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud FirestoreOracle RdbPostgreSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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