DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graph Engine vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graph Engine vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.67
Rank	#232	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#34	Key-value stores

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.graphengine.io

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

docs.nebula-graph.io

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

1984

2008

2010

2019

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

.NET and C

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

.NET

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

using Google App Engine

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

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