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DBMS > 4D vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JanusGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JanusGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisondBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemdBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablejanusgraph.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.janusgraph.org
Developer4D, IncAsthon TateGoogleLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius
Initial release1984197920152017
Current releasev20, April 2023dBASE 2019, 20190.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
DOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
none infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
dBase proprietary IDEC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noyes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensiondBASEGoogle Cloud BigtableJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan
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