DBMS > 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#205	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.geomesa.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

4D, Inc

CCRi and others

Google

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2014

2011

1980

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0.0, May 2024

1.23, February 2021

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on storage layer

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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