DB-EnginesextremeDB - solve IoT connectivity disruptionsEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Memgraph vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Memgraph vs. PostgreSQL

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.91
Rank#94  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchmemgraph.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlmemgraph.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
Developer4D, IncElasticMemgraph LtdPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984201020171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchMemgraphPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesSharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchMemgraphPostgreSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems
3 July 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

AWS hands OpenSearch to Linux Foundation – is this why Elasticsearch was made open source again?
16 September 2024, DevClass

Elastic Announces Open Source License for Elasticsearch and Kibana Source Code
29 August 2024, businesswire.com

The Elasticsearch cloud now subject to open-source licence
3 September 2024, TechHQ

Netflix Uses Elasticsearch Percolate Queries to Implement Reverse Searches Efficiently
29 April 2024, InfoQ.com

Misconfigured Elasticsearch database exposes 762K Chinese car owners | SC Media
6 September 2024, SC Media

provided by Google News

Enhance Your Network Analysis with the Power of a Graph DB
4 May 2024, Towards Data Science

Graph database company Memgraph raises $9.34M
5 October 2021, VentureBeat

Top Open Source Graph Databases
3 June 2024, MarkTechPost

London-based Memgraph raises over €8 million in seed funding to provide Streaming Graph Algorithms to the masses
5 October 2021, EU-Startups

Graph Database Market to grow at a CAGR of 19.9% from 2022 to 2027|Increased demand for low-latency queries is a major trend _ Technavio
7 August 2023, PR Newswire

provided by Google News

YugabyteDB 2.19 gets new PostgreSQL-compatibility features
19 September 2024, InfoWorld

YugabyteDB evolves into a distributed PostgreSQL database for apps that need resilience and scale
19 September 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Intel Demonstrates Up To 48% Improvement For AVX-512 Optimized PostgreSQL
12 September 2024, Phoronix

PostgreSQL in line for DuckDB-shaped boost in analytics arena
20 August 2024, The Register

PostgreSQL databases under attack
21 August 2024, Help Net Security

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Present your product here