DBMS > 4D vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. RisingWave vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. RisingWave vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.58
Rank	#242	Overall
	#111	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

github.com/google/leveldb

www.risingwave.com/database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.risingwave.com/docs/current/intro

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Softmotions

Google

RisingWave Labs

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2012

2011

2022

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

1.2, September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

Standard SQL-types and JSON

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

in-process shared library

JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

UDFs in Python or Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users and Roles

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