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DBMS > 4D vs. EDB Postgres vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EDB Postgres vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemThe EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsA fast and solid embedded Key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS infousing the Octo plugin
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#135  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.20
Rank#317  Overall
#47  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.enterprisedb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.comyottadb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.enterprisedb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoyottadb.com/­resources/­documentation
Developer4D, IncEnterpriseDBOpenLink SoftwareYottaDB, LLC
Initial release1984200519982001
Current releasev20, April 202314, December 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentsOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXby using the Octo plugin
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEDB PostgresVirtuosoYottaDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEDB PostgresVirtuosoYottaDB
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