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DBMS > 4D vs. Drizzle vs. Geode vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Drizzle vs. Geode vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orgwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Developer4D, IncDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.KineticaMicrosoft
Initial release19842008200220122010
Current releasev20, April 20237.2.4, September 20121.1, February 20177.1, August 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGNU GPLOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC, C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsuser defined functionsTransact SQL
Triggersyesno infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yes infoCache Event Listenersyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAM
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDrizzleGeodeKineticaMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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