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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Ehcache vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Ehcache vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEhcache  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage optionsHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.89
Rank#67  Overall
#8  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.ehcache.orgwww.hawkular.orgwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.ehcache.org/­documentationwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AGCommunity supported by Red HatTimescale
Initial release19842016200920142017
Current releasev20, April 20233.10.0, March 20222.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nononoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JCacheHTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaGo
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesSharding infoby using Terracotta ServerSharding infobased on Cassandrayes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoby using Terracotta Serverselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyTunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes infosupports JTA and can work as an XA resourcenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing a tiered cache-storage approachyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphEhcacheHawkular MetricsTimescaleDB
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