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DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. InterSystems Caché vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. InterSystems Caché vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems Caché  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A multi-model DBMS and application serverDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.intersystems.com/­products/­cachegithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.intersystems.comkairosdb.github.iowww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationInterSystemsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release19841997199720131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 202310.17.1.0, November 20232018.1.4, May 20201.2.2, November 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesdepending on used data modelschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC#
C++
Java
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolessimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBInterSystems CachéKairosDBPostgreSQL
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