DBMS > 4D vs. Couchbase vs. Graph Engine vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Couchbase vs. Graph Engine vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Key-value store

originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.13
Rank	#114	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	15.82
Rank	#36	Overall
	#5	Document stores

Score	0.59
Rank	#235	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	1.70
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.couchbase.com

www.graphengine.io

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.couchbase.com

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Couchbase, Inc.

Microsoft

Tobias Oetiker

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2011

2010

1999

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023

1.8.0, 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Go and Erlang

.NET and C

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

.NET

HP-UX
Linux

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data

RESTful HTTP API

in-process shared library
Pipes

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

via the TAP protocol

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

including cross data center replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

selectable on a per-operation basis

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Ephemeral buckets

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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