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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. SingleStore vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. SingleStore vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA fast and solid embedded Key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infousing the Octo plugin
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.46
Rank#51  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#309  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.singlestore.comyottadb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.singlestore.comyottadb.com/­resources/­documentation
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerSingleStore Inc.YottaDB, LLC
Initial release1984200520132001
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20238.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++, GoC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredDocker
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysby using the Octo plugin
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APICluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesUsers and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"SingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLYottaDB
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Recent citations in the news

How to install the CouchDB NoSQL database on Debian Server 11
16 June 2022, TechRepublic

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

CouchDB 3.0 ends admin party era
27 February 2020, DevClass

Hadoop, CouchDB Next Targets in Wave of Database Attacks
20 January 2017, Threatpost

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