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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. RisingWave

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. RisingWave

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#238  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverpostgis.netwww.risingwave.com/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablelearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­intro
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftRisingWave Labs
Initial release19842005198920052022
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.4.2, February 20241.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageErlangC++CRust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSON
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsUDFs in Python or Java
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQLUsers and Roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft SQL ServerPostGISRisingWave
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