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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A widely adopted in-memory data gridA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMSDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.h2database.comhazelcast.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerThomas MuellerHazelcastTimescale
Initial release19842005200520082017
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20232.2.220, July 20235.3.6, November 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"H2HazelcastTimescaleDB
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