DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Ehcache vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Ehcache vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonEhcache  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage optionsA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#68  Overall
#8  Key-value stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.ehcache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comwww.ehcache.org/­documentationdocs.nebula-graph.io
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectTerracotta Inc, owned by Software AGVesoft Inc.
Initial release19842005201220092019
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20231.0.7075, December 20233.10.0, March 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nononoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIJCacheBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
Java.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functions
TriggersyesyesBy using transaction functionsyes infoCache Event Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoby using Terracotta ServerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoby using Terracotta ServerCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyTunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDyes infosupports JTA and can work as an XA resourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes infousing a tiered cache-storage approachyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenonoRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicEhcacheNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicEhcacheNebulaGraph
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

How to install the CouchDB NoSQL database on Debian Server 11
16 June 2022, TechRepublic

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

CouchDB 3.0 ends admin party era • DEVCLASS
27 February 2020, DevClass

Tracking Expenses with CouchDB and Angular — SitePoint
28 August 2014, SitePoint

How to Connect Your Flask App With CouchDB: A NoSQL Database - MUO
14 August 2021, MakeUseOf

provided by Google News

Stanchion Turns SQLite Into A Column Store
15 February 2024, iProgrammer

Nubank buys firm behind Clojure programming language
28 July 2020, Finextra

Architecting Software for Leverage
13 November 2021, InfoQ.com

TerminusDB Takes on Data Collaboration with a git-Like Approach
1 December 2020, The New Stack

Brazil’s Nubank acquires US software firm Cognitect, creator of Clojure and Datomic
24 July 2020, LatamList

provided by Google News

Scaling Australia's Most Popular Online News Sites with Ehcache
6 December 2010, InfoQ.com

Atlassian asks customers to patch critical Jira vulnerability
22 July 2021, BleepingComputer

Critical Jira Flaw in Atlassian Could Lead to RCE
22 July 2021, Threatpost

DZone Coding Java JBoss 5 to 7 in 11 steps
9 January 2014, dzone.com

provided by Google News

Vesoft (NebulaGraph) Recognized in the Gartner® Market Guide for Graph Database Management Systems
15 November 2023, PR Newswire

NebulaGraph reaps from China's growing appetite for graph databases
16 September 2022, TechCrunch

NebulaGraph Completes Series A to Scale Its Distributed Graph Database
16 September 2022, Datanami

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Present your product here