DBMS > 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. Hazelcast vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. Hazelcast vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

clickhouse.com/docs

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

memgraph.com/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Clickhouse Inc.

Hazelcast

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

2016

2008

2017

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

5.3.6, November 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

key based and custom

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

yes

Replicated Map

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Role-based access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

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