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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Geode vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Geode vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgeode.apache.orggithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comgeode.apache.org/­docskairosdb.github.iodocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Microsoft
Initial release19842010200220132016
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.1, February 20171.2.2, November 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (OQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsnoTransact SQL
Triggersyesyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights per client and object definablesimple password-based access controlyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusGeodeKairosDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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