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DBMS > 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 Event Store

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 Event Store

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#309  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvwww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-store
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apiwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-store
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCloudflareThomas MuellerIBM
Initial release19842008201820052017
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 20232.2.220, July 20232.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesyes infothrough the embedded Spark runtime
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
JavaC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseActive-active shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)No - written data is immutable
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCassandraCloudflare Workers KVH2IBM Db2 Event Store
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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