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DBMS > 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. JanusGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. JanusGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embedded key-value store for Go.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroicjanusgraph.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.janusgraph.org
Developer4D, IncGoogleSpotifyLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius
Initial release19842013201720142017
Current releasev20, April 20230.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
GoGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoyes
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBoltDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan
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