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DBMS > 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embedded key-value store for Go.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.76
Rank#224  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroic
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroic
Developer4D, IncGoogleSpotify
Initial release1984201320172014
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
GoGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBoltDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroic
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