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DBMS > 4D vs. Blazegraph vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Blazegraph vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used in-process key-value storeMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comblazegraph.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwiki.blazegraph.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncBlazegraphGoogleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSingleStore Inc.
Initial release19842006201119942013
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.5, March 20191.23, February 202118.1.40, May 20208.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languagenoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnonoyes
Triggersyesnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in Graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)nonoFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBlazegraphLevelDBOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBlazegraphLevelDBOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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