DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#212	Overall
	#36	Document stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.bigchaindb.com

github.com/boltdb/bolt

cassandra.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Initial release

1984

2016

2013

2008

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL v3

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Python

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights for users can be defined per object

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

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