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DBMS > 4D vs. Badger vs. EJDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Badger vs. EJDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgergithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbwww.kingbase.com.cnwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgergithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncDGraph LabsSoftmotionsBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Microsoft
Initial release19842017201219991989
Current releasev20, April 2023V8.0, August 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCC and JavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lessLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoStandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
in-process shared libraryADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
GoActionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functionsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenoneyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBadgerEJDBKingbaseMicrosoft SQL Server
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