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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. Geode vs. NebulaGraph vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. Geode vs. NebulaGraph vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.38
Rank#275  Overall
#126  Relational DBMS
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.compinot.apache.orggeode.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.pinot.apache.orggeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Vesoft Inc.SingleStore Inc.
Initial release19842015200220192013
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, September 20231.1, February 20178.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinuxLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query languageyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
Python
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsyes
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definableRole-based access controlFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotGeodeNebulaGraphSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotGeodeNebulaGraphSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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