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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. CouchDB vs. LeanXcale vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. CouchDB vs. LeanXcale vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#270  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.compinot.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerLeanXcaleTimescale
Initial release19842015200520152017
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, September 20233.3.3, December 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnonumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
Python
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"LeanXcaleTimescaleDB
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