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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. OpenTSDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. OpenTSDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comphoenix.apache.orgopentsdb.netwww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comphoenix.apache.orgopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundationcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation
Initial release1984201420111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current releasev20, April 20235.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 201916.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCScala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCHTTP API
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infobased on HBasepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infobased on HBaseSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PhoenixOpenTSDBPostgreSQLSpark SQL
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