DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Galaxybase vs. Immudb vs. KairosDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Galaxybase vs. Immudb vs. KairosDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Scalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platform

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#377	Overall
	#40	Graph DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

phoenix.apache.org

galaxybase.com

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

Technical documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Chuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司

Codenotary

Initial release

1984

2014

2017

2020

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

Nov 20, November 2021

1.2.3, April 2022

1.2.2, November 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and Java

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Go
Java
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

user defined procedures and functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

simple password-based access control

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
2 June 2016, AWS Blog

Bridge the SQL-NoSQL gap with Apache Phoenix
4 February 2016, InfoWorld

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27 March 2017, SDTimes.com

Azure HDInsight Analytics Platform Now Supports Apache Hadoop 3.0
18 April 2019, eWeek

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25 September 2018, Microsoft

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21 June 2023, TechCrunch

ImmuDB and Codenotary: It's a database, but the company isn't
20 December 2021, ZDNet

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

How Open-Source Database immudb Plans to Handle All That Metaverse Data
10 October 2022, Acceleration Economy

immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

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