DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Couchbase vs. openGauss vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Couchbase vs. openGauss vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Key-value store

originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	17.30
Rank	#36	Overall
	#5	Document stores

Score	1.08
Rank	#183	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

phoenix.apache.org

www.couchbase.com

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

phoenix.apache.org

docs.couchbase.com

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Couchbase, Inc.

Huawei and openGauss community

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2014

2011

2019

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023

3.0, March 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C, C++, Go and Erlang

C, C++, Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases

ANSI SQL 2011

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

via the TAP protocol

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Automatic Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

including cross data center replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

selectable on a per-operation basis

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Ephemeral buckets

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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